Bolt-heading machine



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1;

F. PHILIPSI BOLT HEADING MACHINE.

10.334,465. Patented' Jan. 19, 1886.

EF F' (No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 2.

' P. PHILIPS.

B OLT HEADING MACHINE.

No. 334,465.` Patented Jan. I9, 1886.-

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

I. PHILIPS. BOLT HEADING MAGIIINE. y

No. 334,465. Patented Jan. 19, V 1886.

SII

UNITED STATES,v

PATENT Ormea.

FERDINAND PHILIPS, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

BOLT-HEADING MACHINE.

' SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 334,465, dated January 19, 1886.

Application filed November' 1G, 1885. Serial No. 182,964. (No mrdel.)

. T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FERDINAND PHILIPS, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, but domiciled in the United States, at the city of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements'in Bolt-Heading Machines, of which improvements the following is a'speciiication.

My invention relates, generally, to that class of bolt-heading machines in which the blank to be headed is held Iirmly by one end in a die or holder,while the end of the blank upon which the head is `to be formed projects in such manner as to admit of its being operated upon,when heated to the proper temperature, by aseries of hammers which successively work it endwise and laterally to a square or hexagonal or other shape, as is well understood. The hammer acting upon the blank endwise or in the direction of its axis and upsetting the projecting end ofthe blank is called the header, as fully explained in an application for Letters Patent of the United States tiled by me on the 2d day of April, 1885, in vwhich application, as aforesaid, the hammers and their modeot' operation are fully explained, while my present invention relates more particularly to certain features and parts of a boltheading machine-such, for instance, as the dies for holding the bolt-blanks-their adj ustments relatively to the header, and their modus operandi,- and it further embraces features and parts, the construction, arrangement, and

operation of which will be hereinafter fully explained, and designated in the claims. For convenience of referenceI shall allude to the several parts by assigning to them such technicalities as are recognized in general practice.

Bolt-heading machines, as have heretofore been constructed, comprise two separate and distinct classes. First, those in which the blank dies have a iXed position inthe machine and require of necessity a stoppage of the header after the completion of each bolt,

' to allow of theinsertion of another blank bedistance away from the header to permit of the insertion of a bolt-blank between the dies and afterward moved in the direction toward the header close to the side hammers and to I lock it there so that these hammers may operate upon the inserted blank.

As is well understood, many disadvantages have been encountered in the use of such machines.. In the former class due to sudden jars and wear and tear of the machinery arising from being compelled of necessity to start the machine anew after the insertion of each bolt-blank, while in a different direction similar disadvantages have characterized the use of machines comprised in the latter class, arising from the recognized fact that the center of the boltblank,which is the center of strain in the heading operation,always occurred some distance above the center of resistance, which locked the die-carriage in this position, and thereby produced a leverage tending to Iift the movable carriage from its seat during the heading operation, and likewise causing an unpleasant vibration of the machine, which has proved more or less destructive to the ac-` curacy of the bolt.

tively little exertion or effort on the part of the operator; and, furthermore, my invention embracescertain features in the operation of the machine, which will be hereinafter particularly pointed out and described.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating my invention, Figure 1 is a sectional side view of a bolt-heading machine embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a detached view of the spider and lower vertical hammer. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the die-carriage and dies for holding the bolt-blank, showing their arrangement and operation. Fig. 4 isa side IOO .elevation of the same.

Fig. 5 is a transverse section on line :o a? of Fig. l. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section through the line y y of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a front view of the die-carriage with the frame of the machine shown in section. Fig. S is a plan view of Fig. 7, and Figs. 9 and 10 are respective] y detached views from both sides of the machine, showing details ofthe mechanism for actuating the die-carriage.

Referring to the drawings, a. and a are the blankdies. These dies are pieces of steel so shaped as to fully surround the blank when closely pressed together, and are mounted on slides Z) and b', which are in turn moved in guides forming part of the die-carriage D, and held in position thereto by caps c, c', c2, and c3. \Vhen the bolt-blank h is in position to be acted upon-that is, gripped by the dies a and (M -the end opposite the one on which the head is to be formed rest-s against an adjustable abutment-screw, g. This abutment-screw g being located in the center of the bolt, and, therefore, in the center of the strain pnt upon the machine during the heading operation, has been the principal element heretofore forbidding the introduction of a locking device for the die-carriage whereby the die-carriage might be locked central with the bolt. I overcome this difficulty and lock the diecarriage in position by means of a fork-shaped wedge, d and d, straddling the blank abutment, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6. This bfurcatcd wedge d and d abats against the frame A of the machine, locking the diecarriage D by means of tapering faces pressing against steel abutments fand f of the die-carriage, as shown in Figs. 6 and 8, and their situation is such that the pressure of the header against the dies a and a is transmitted in the same horizontal plane with the abutmentsf and f, and against the wedges, thereby obviating the production of leverage and so preventing the die-carriage from being lifted off its scat. This has not before been accomplished because the locking device has been in all cases either a small l crank connected with the die-carriage below the center of the bolt-blank moving the dieearriage into position and locking it when on its center, or it has been accomplished by means of a single wedge entering` the die-carriage, but remaining below the center of the bolt-blank. In all cases, however, leverage has proved unavoidable, which is now entirely overcome.

A further feat-ure of my improved bolt-heading machine embodies certain mechanism for holding the bolt-blank and for gripping it rmly during the heading operation. it embraces in conjunction therewith certain devices, by means of which the center of the bolt-blank may be readily and cii'ectively adjusted to a central position with t-he header.

As above mentioned,blankdies a and a' are mounted on slides b and b, which slide in guides Z12 and b, forming part of the die-carriage D, and are held in position by caps 0,0,

ci, and c". Fach dieholder slide is provided at the end opposite the dic-holding fork with togglejoints t and t', respectively. These toggle -joints t and t' arejointed to movable blocks s and s?, rigidly secured in the arms q and q', which are continuations ol' the guides b'l and b3. At the ends ofthese arms q and q' are setserew blocks q'Z and Q, provided with setscrews q and q, the function of these screws q* and (l5 being to move the whole system of blocks with the toggles and dieslides together with the dies horizontally at will until therequired position is obtained. The established practice has heretofore been to pack behind the dies a varying number of layers of sheettin-that is to say, packing more or less behind each die, and shifting the tinplate from one to the other until the center of the die oc cupied a central position with the header. This operation required not only a stoppage of the machine for its performance, but necessarily required the consumption of a considerable amount of time for the setting, and in actual practice it has proven not sutiicientl y accurate for general work.

In order to open and close the dies aand a', I connect the toggles t and t with arms z and z of the bellcran k leversrand r', respectively, which have their fulcrums f2 and fi in arms q and q', forming part of the die-carriage, while the arms a and z, provided with rollers z2 and @innove upon the surface of the cams a and a. One portion of these cams u and u is almost parallel with the center ofthe machine, while the other portion converges backward toward the center of the machine. When the die-carriage moves in the direction of the arrow, as shown in Fig. 3, the bell-crank levers 1' and 1",having their fulcrumsfl andf upon the arms of the die-carriage D,move with said carriage, and consequen ly the rollers ,et and z" pass over the parallel portions of the cams n and a', which are fastened to the, main frame A of the machine and remain stationary. During this portion of the movement of the die-carriage D the dies a and a remain in their closed position. \Vhen the die-carriage moves farther, the bell-crank levers 1' and r are forced to follow the inclined portion ofthe cams u and u' by counter-cams o and o', and when the dievcarriage is in its remote position from the hammer the dies are fully opened by the action of the bell-cranks acting upon the toggles connected with the dieholding slides. On the other hand, when the heated blank is placed between the open dies and the die-carriage D is moved forward toward the hammers the dies will partially close as the rollers fastened on the end of the bell-crank levers i' and 1" mount the inclines of the cams u and u', and when they reach their greatest height the dies are closed; but, however, in this position of the bellcranks the die-carriage is only midway in the direction of thchammers. Forthe otherportion of the forward movement of the die-carriage D the cams diverge slightly from the IOC IIO

center of the machine, and this serves togivc a powerful grip-to the boltblank aided by thc favorable position of the toggles, which are nearly straight when the die-carriage is about half-way up. When the die-carriage is in its operative position, the blank is held so iirmly that a minimum amount of material will ow between the dies while the blank is upset and is being worked by the hammers, therebyobviating one of the most common faults existing in bolts made in open dies.

A further important feature of my inven tion consists in the automatic mechanism for moving the die-carriage. In a small machine I generally operate the die-carriage by a pulling-wedge with a footlever, and move the carriage itself by a hand-lever; yet, in large machines,where thevparts are more ponderous, I prefer the automatic mechanism; and it consists of devices for pulling the wedges and subsequently moving the carriage. and so arranged that the carriage may remain unlocked for an indefinite length of time for the reception of a new bolt-b1ank, or it may remain locked for any suitable length of time for different sizes and kinds of bolts to be headed, at the option of the attendant in charge of the machine.

Machines have been constructed in which the heading, opening, and closing are automatically timed. This, however, I desire to avoid, as it is inadequate for bolt-works, due to the variety and character ot the work done and the irregular heating ofthe blanks, which cannot well be avoided.

The mechanism for producing the desired result will now be described.

The bifurcated wedge d and d isheld in position and locked by means of a spring, d2. A lever, 1, mounted upon a shaft, 3, engages with the same,while a second lever, 2, upon the same shaft 3, is actuated from an eccentric on the main driving-shaft N of the machine, through mechanism commonly called a Oorliss Trip-Motion,77 6, whereby the bifurcated wedge can be moved, at the option of the attendant, as follows: The lever 4 being moved backward in the direction of thevarrow, as'

shown in Fig. 4, permits the crow-claw 6, resting upon the cam 5, to drop a sufficient distance to allow tne tripping device 6 to engage with the lever 2, pulling the wedge downward. ()n the opposite side of the machine I arrange similar mechanism actuating a sector, 7, upon shaft 11, by means of a lever, 10, and in connection with the sector 7 is the rack 8, attached upon the under side ot' the diecarriage D, and lever 10, actuated by the cam 9 in connection with the cam 5 on one shaft, and both cams so timed relative tothe headerand to each other that the Wedge is released just before the header delivers its blow upon the bolt-head endwise-that is to say, when the side hammers are clear of the bolt-head. Immediately after the wedge is drawn the die-carriage D moves backward,

the dies'open, and the linished boltdrops out. When the dies are to be closed, the operator moves the hand lever 4 in the opposite direction to that of the arrow, as shown in Fig. 4, thereby releasing the tripping device 6 on the lever 2, and at the same time reverses the action of the tripping device actuating the sector 7, and the carriage is then moved toward the hammers, holding the new blank in a gripped position,while the header is moving away from the blank. Y

When the die-c.irriage D is in the desired position, the bifurcated wedge d and d springs into position through the action of the spring dt locking the diecarriage D.

The double action of the mechanism for opening and closing the dies, which is identical with moving the diecarriage D, is fully illustrated in Fig. 10; and it will be readily observed that the tripping device 12 is doubleacting, according to the position of the cam 9, and will either engage with the lever 10 when moving in the direction from right to left, or vice versa, or not at all when in acentral position.

. The attendant desiring to withdraw the diecarriage pulls lever 4 in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 4, and locks its latch in the notch 16. The tripping devices 6 and 12 will now engage with their respective levers 2 and 10 by gravity and in proper succession. On the other hand, if he desires to lock the carriage, it is accomplished by locking lever 4 in the notch 17. In order to make due provision for any possibility that trip 12 may not be in the proper position to engage with the lever 10, the power exerted by the attendant will be stored up in the spring 18, so that when by the continued motion of this tripping device 12 the position is reached whereby it can freely rise to engage with the lever l0, it will do so by the action of this spring 1S in conjunction with the counter-weight 19.

Having thus described the nature and objects of my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. -In a bolt-heading machine, a movable die-carriage locked in posit-ion by means of wedges entering the die-carriage up to or beyond the center line of the bolt-blank, substantially as and for the purposes described.

2. In a bolt-heading machine, a movable die carriage provided wit-h guides for the dieholders, in combination with die-holders, the

latter being connected to toggles adjustable in armsot' said die-carriage and operated by levers pivoted to the die-carriage, and actuated by endwise. motion of said dic-carriage through cams having a fixed position on the bed of the machine, substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. In a bolt-heading machine, a movable diecarriage,'in combination with die-holders, the bellcranks and cams and counter-cams so arranged as to hold the bolt-blank during one portion of the endwise motion of the die- IOO IIO

IIS

carriage, and releasing the blank during the remaining portion of its movement, snbsiair tially as and for the purposes described.

el. In a bolt-heading machine, the combination of a movable dicearriage, l), ol' bifur- Cated wedge d J, with spring (Z2, of lever 1 2, shaft 3, hand-lever 4, Cam 5, trip mechanism 6, and rnain driving'shaft N, substantiallyY as and for the purposes described.

5. In a bolt-headingr machine, the combination of a movable die carriage, D, with rack S, sector 7, shaft l, lever 1l), double-acting trip mechanism 12, main driving-shaft N, cam 9, shaft 13, pinion 1,1-, segment 15, lever 4, spring 1S, and counter-weight 19, substantially as and for the purposes described.

(i. ln a bolt-heading machine, mechanism for operating the die-carriage, consisting of lever l, spring 1S, segmental lever 15, pinion 14, earn 5, shaft 13, cam 9, and tripping devices G and 12, operated from the main drivingshaft N, and all arranged and operating in proper succession, substantially as described.

1n testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing 25 witnesses.

FERDINAND PHILIPS.

Vitiiesses:

C. van IMAGEN, RICHARD PHILIrs. 

